Primarily occupying shallow waters, the largetooth sawfish is tolerant of fresh and salt water in tropical regions. The most well-studied population was in Lake Nicaragua, Central America, though an intense commercial fishery in the early 1970’s caused a steep decline in the population. In the western Atlantic Ocean, largetooth sawfish historically made fairly long migrations in marine waters during the warmer months, but today they are mostly restricted to freshwater and estuarine habitats in Central America. The eastern Pacific population is also likely restricted to Central America. Female largetooth sawfish mature at around 9 years of age and give birth to up to 20 pups, with a mean of 7 per litter.